May 17, the Cuban Peasant Day, has been a date of great importance in Cuba for over 60 years. This day celebrates the essential work of peasants, although this year it will be held in a simple way, with farmers remaining focused on their crucial mission: ensuring food production for the country, despite the difficult circumstances.
Historical origins
This commemoration honors Niceto Pérez García, a humble peasant from the El Vínculo region of Guantánamo. In the 1940s, when Cuba was ruled by Ramón Grau San Martín, many peasants were expelled from their lands by powerful landowners.
Niceto Pérez, determined not to leave his land, courageously faced Lino Mancebo, a large landowner. On May 17, 1946, accompanied by his 7-year-old son, Niceto was tragically executed for defending his rights, an event that deeply shocked the peasant community.
In tribute to his courage, a monument was erected at the very spot of his death, and May 17 officially became the *Day of the Cuban Peasant*.
The Agrarian Reform of 1959
In 1959, this tragic event was officially recognized by the revolutionary government of Fidel Castro. It was precisely on May 17 that Castro chose to sign the first agrarian reform law in La Plata, in the Sierra Maestra, in the heart of the victory against the regime of Fulgencio Batista.
A tribute to Cuban peasants
Today, the Cuban Peasant Festival is a reminder of the struggle for social justice and land redistribution. Peasants continue to play a vital role in the country’s food security. While the celebration is more muted this year, it is important to recognize the work and dedication of these men and women who feed the nation.
In conclusion, this day not only recalls the sacrifice of Niceto Pérez, but also the importance of the Cuban agricultural sector in the development of the country. Happy holiday to all Cuban peasants and a huge thank you for their hard work!
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